Atherosclerosis is a narrowing of the arteries that can significantly reduce the blood supply to vital organs such as the heart, brain and intestines. In atherosclerosis, the arteries are narrowed when fatty deposits called plaques build up inside. Plaques typically contain cholesterol from low-density lipoproteins (LDL), smooth-muscle cells and fibrous tissue, and sometimes calcium.

What Are The Types of Atherosclerosis?

Atherosclerosis occurs when fat, cholesterol, and calcium harden in the arteries. Atherosclerosis can occur anywhere in the body, including the heart, legs, and kidneys.

Other types of atherosclerosis are:

- Coronary Artery Disease
- Carotid Artery Disease
- Peripheral Artery Disease
- Kidney Disease

What Causes Atherosclerosis?

Plaque build-up and subsequent hardening of the arteries restricts blood flow in the arteries, preventing your organs and tissues from getting the oxygenated blood they need to function. The following are common causes for hardening of the arteries.

- High Cholesterol
- Fat
- Eating foods high in fat may also lead to plaque buildup.
- Aging

What Are the Symptoms of Atherosclerosis?

Most symptoms of atherosclerosis do not show until a blockage occurs. Common symptoms include:

- chest pain (angina)
- pain in the leg, arm, and anywhere else that an artery is blocked
- shortness of breath
- fatigue
- confusion (if the blockage affects circulation to the brain)
- muscle weakness in the legs from lack of circulation